Cervical radiculopathy is a condition where one or more nerve roots in the cervical spine (in the upper part of the spine) are compressed or irritated. This can cause pain, tingling, numbness, or weakness that radiates from the neck to the shoulder, arm, or hand.
Most Common Symptoms
- Neck pain that radiates down the arm or hand
- Tingling, numbness, or “electric shock” sensation
- Muscle weakness in a specific area (e.g., biceps, triceps, finger extensors)
- Cervical stiffness or limited movement
- Occasionally occipital headache (back of the head)
Symptoms vary depending on the affected nerve root (C5, C6, C7, C8…).
Main Causes
Cervical radiculopathy is caused by a mechanical or inflammatory conflict between a nerve root and the surrounding vertebral structures. The most common causes include:
- Cervical disc herniation
- Arthritis of the facet or uncovertebral joints
- Foraminal stenosis (narrowing of the canal where the nerve passes)
- Vertebral instability
- Post-surgical outcomes
How is it Diagnosed?
- Detailed clinical examination with neurological tests (strength, reflexes, sensitivity)
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the cervical spine
- In some cases: electromyography (EMG) to assess peripheral nerve damage
What treatments are available?
Conservative Approach
- Anti-inflammatory drugs, muscle relaxants, analgesics
- Specific cervical physiotherapy
- Physical therapies (tecar, traction, neuromodulation)
- Postural education
- TENS
Minimally Invasive Treatments
- Selective cervical injections under fluoroscopic guidance
- Cervical epidural injection near the compressed nerve root
Surgery
Only in selected cases with:
- Persistent or worsening neurological deficits
- Pain refractory to all other therapies
- Severe stenosis with spinal cord distress (myelopathy)